A | 讯 据国家金融监督管理总局消息，为贯彻落实党中央国务院决策部署，有效防范系统性风险，完善审慎监管制度体系，提升保险业资产负债管理水平，金融监管总局近日发布《保险公司资产负债管理办法》（以下简称《办法》）以及《关于实施〈保险公司资产负债管理办法〉有关事项的通知》。 《办法》共6章46条，包括总则、治理结构、政策和程序、监管指标和监测指标、监督管理以及附则。
B | 一是明确资产负债管理目标和管理原则。 Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov arrived in North Korea on Wednesday, according to Russian state news agency Tass, the latest in a flurry of diplomatic activity between the two countries in which Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu visited North Korea in July and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un traveled to Russia in September. Earlier in the week, Lavrov accompanied President Vladimir Putin on a visit to Beijing that underscored Chinese support for Moscow during its war in Ukraine.Lavrov last visited North Korea in 2018. During his two-day visit he is to meet with North Korean Foreign Minister Choe Son Hui, Russian state news agency RIA Novosti said. Putin also accepted an invitation from Kim to visit North Korea, but the timing has not been announced. During Kim’s visit to Russia he met Putin at Russia’s Vostochny Cosmodrome and inspected fighter jets at an aircraft factory in Russia’s far east.The White House said on Friday that North Korea has delivered more than 1,000 containers of military equipment and munitions to Russia for its ongoing war in Ukraine.Speculation about a possible North Korean plan to refill Russian munition stores drained by its protracted war with Ukraine flared during Kim's visit to Russia. White House National Security Council spokesman John Kirby said the U.S. believes Kim is seeking sophisticated Russian weapons technologies in return for the munitions to boost North Korea’s military and nuclear program.Kim called last month for an exponential increase in production of nuclear weapons and for his country to play a larger role in a coalition of nations confronting the United States in a “new Cold War,” North Korean state media said.During Kim’s six-day trip to Russia, his longest foreign travel as a leader, the two countries said they discussed boosting their defense ties but didn’t disclose any specific steps. Foreign experts speculate the two countries, both locked in confrontations with the West, were pushing to reach arms transfer deals in violation of U.N. Security Council resolutions.The trip to Russia was also Kim’s first foreign trip since the pandemic, during which North Korea imposed tight border controls for more than three years. After decades of hot-and-cold relations, Russia and North Korea have drawn closer since Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022.Relations between Russia and North Korea go back to the North's foundation in 1948, as Soviet officials installed young, ambitious nationalist Kim Il Sung, Kim's late grandfather, as the country’s first ruler. Soviet aid shipments were crucial in keeping North Korea’s economy afloat for decades before the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s.。保险公司应当承担资产负债管理主体责任，坚持全面覆盖、合理匹配、稳健审慎、统筹协调的原则，切实防范资产负债错配风险。
C | 二是规范资产负债管理治理结构。明确保险公司建立由董事会负最终责任、高级管理层直接领导、资产负债管理牵头部门统筹协调、职能部门相互协作、内部审计部门检查监督的组织体系。 三是明确资产负债管理政策和程序。要求保险公司制定资产负债管理方案，在业务规划和产品开发、产品定价管理、保险业务管理、资产配置政策、重大投资、委托投资等环节加强资产负债联动，开展压力测试和回溯分析，定期编制报告，并对资产负债管理方案作出及时调整。 四是设立监管指标和监测指标。
D | 结合新会计准则和偿付能力规则调整，设立资产负债监管指标，明确指标阈值；新增部分监测指标，设置差异化预警区间，增强指标敏感性。 五是加强监督管理。明确保险公司信息报告、第三方审核和能力评估要求，监管可视情形采取监管措施或依法实施行政处罚。
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