
A | A team of scientists has discovered a likely explanation for why one may feel exhausted after engaging in intense cognitive work.,In their study, published in the Current Biology last week, the researchers argue that intense cognitive work, when it lasts for several hours, results in the buildup of potentially toxic byproducts in the prefrontal cortex part of the human brain, which then affects a person’s behavior.,“Influential theories suggested that fatigue is a sort of illusion cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a more gratifying activity,” Mathias Pessiglione of Pitié-Salpêtrière University in Paris, said as quoted in a news release by Cell Press. “But our findings show that cognitive work results in a true functional alteration—accumulation of noxious substances—so fatigue would indeed be a signal that makes us stop working but for a different purpose: to preserve the integrity of brain functioning.”,During the course of their research, the team employed magnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor the brain chemistry of two groups of people during a workday, with one group performing easy cognitive tasks while the other engaged in more complex mental activities.,Only the latter group ended up exhibiting signs of fatigue, as well as a tendency to favor “options proposing rewards at short delay with little effort,” as the news release put it.,AmericasChild Survives After 7 Minutes Without Blood Flow to Brain During Surgery, US Cardiologist Reveals11 August, 16:41 GMT,Furthermore, members of that group had higher levels of glutamate in the synapses of the prefrontal cortex, leading the researchers to suggest that the accumulation of glutamate “makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly,” and thus a mentally exhaustive workday makes cognitive control more difficult.,Unfortunately, there seems to be no fancy way to deal with this problem other than the tried and tested method that is probably as old as history itself.,“I would employ good old recipes: rest and sleep!” Pessiglione remarked. “There is good evidence that glutamate is eliminated from synapses during sleep.”。1月11日,CNBC报道说,几位旧金山律师代表谷歌母公司的字母表起诉股东的董事会,涉嫌非法掩盖与高管不正当性行为有关的指控。注:就在几个月前,谷歌安卓(Android)部门的前主管安迪•鲁宾(Andy Rubin)撰写了一份爆炸性的《纽约时报》(New York Times)报告,详细描述了谷歌如何保护高管们,指控他们存在性行为不端,要么让他们继续任职,要么友好地离开他们。

B | 例如,据报道,谷歌向鲁宾支付了高达9000万美元的遣散费,尽管谷歌在发现对安卓系统负责人安迪·鲁宾的不当性行为指控可信后要求他辞职。同样,谷歌搜索部门前负责人阿米特•辛格哈尔(AmitSinghal)在被指控性行为不端后被允许悄悄辞职。《纽约时报》的报道引发了大规模抗议,全球数千名谷歌员工走出办公室表达他们的愤怒。作为回应,谷歌结束了对性行为不端指控进行强制性仲裁的长期政策,并表示将开始提高性骚扰调查的透明度。最新的诉讼是在加利福尼亚州的圣马特奥提起的。

C | 诉讼内容包括指控字母板违反信托责任、滥用控制权、不当得利和浪费公司资产。律师们表示,这起诉讼是在“对封闭证据进行广泛而原始的调查”之后提起的,并制作了字母表董事会会议记录的内部副本。起诉书写道:“(字母表)董事的不当行为导致了违法行为的激增,而且还在继续。

D | 可以说,字母表董事会成员知道并直接导致性骚扰和歧视。“这起诉讼还指控字母表董事会成员采用了相互冲突的标准:”如果你是谷歌的高级男性执行官,负责创造数百万美元的收入,谷歌将沉迷于性骚扰。如果你被抓到,谷歌将保持沉默,让你辞职,并支付数百万美元的遣散费。

E | 另一方面,如果你是谷歌的低级雇员,被指控性骚扰或歧视,你将被解雇,没有理由获得遣散费。通过这种方式,字母表及其董事会能够表面上遵守其行为准则、内部规则和与性骚扰有关的法律。董事会通过对大量低级别员工采取果断行动,隐瞒谷歌高管公然和广泛的性骚扰,避免了一个更大的丑闻。

F | 10月底,谷歌首席执行官孙达•皮海(Sundar Pichai)告诉员工,过去两年,谷歌因性行为不当解雇了48名员工。原告股东詹姆斯马丁自2009年10月以来一直持有字母表股票。谷歌没有立即回复置评请求。
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