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Japan's government asks court to revoke religious status of Unification Church_我的网站

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一 |     TOKYO -- Japan’s government asked a court Friday to revoke the legal status of the Unification Church after an Education Ministry investigation concluded the group for decades has systematically manipulated its followers into donating money, sowing fear and harming their families.The request submitted to the Tokyo District Court asks for it to issue a dissolution order revoking the church's status as a religious organization. Education Ministry officials submitted 5,000 pieces of documents and evidence in cardboard boxes to the court to support its request. The process involves hearings and appeals from both sides and would take a while. If the order is approved and its legal status is stripped, the church could still operate but would lose its tax exemption privilege as a religious organization and would face financial setbacks.The request was made a day after Education Minister Masahito Moriyama announced a panel of experts had endorsed the revocation request based on the findings of the ministry's investigation into the church's fundraising tactics and other allegations. The Japan branch of the South Korea-based church, which officially calls itself the Family Federation for World Peace and Unification, earlier condemned the government's decision.“It is our deepest regret that the Japanese government made the serious decision based on distorted information provided by a leftist lawyers’ group formed for the purpose of destroying our organization,” the church said in a statement late Thursday. “It will be a stain in Japan’s Constitutional history.”As part of the Education Ministry investigation, officials interviewed more than 170 people allegedly harmed by the church's fundraising tactics and other problems. The church failed to respond to dozens of questions during the seven inquiries, Moriyama said Thursday. The church tried to steer its followers’ decision-making, using manipulative tactics, making them buy expensive goods and donate beyond their financial ability and causing fear and harm to them and their families, Moriyama said Thursday. The tactics seriously deviated from the law on religious groups, in which the purpose of the churches’ legal status is to give people peace of mind, he said. “The activities are wrongful conducts under the Civil Code and their damages are immense.”The Agency for Cultural Affairs found 32 cases of civil lawsuits acknowledging damages totaling 2.2 billion yen ($14.7 million) for 169 people, while the amount of settlements reached in or outside court totaled 20.4 billion yen ($137 million) and involved 1,550 people, Moriyama said.Japan has in place hurdles for restraining religious activities due to lessons from the prewar and wartime oppression of freedom of religion and thought.The investigation followed months of public outrage and questions about the group’s fundraising and recruitment tactics after former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s assassination last year. The man accused of shooting Abe allegedly was motivated by the former prime minister’s links to the church that he blamed for bankrupting his family.Decades of cozy ties between the church and Japan’s governing Liberal Democratic Party were revealed since Abe's assassination and have eroded support for Prime Minister Fumio Kishida's government. Kishida told reporters Thursday that the government’s decision to seek the revocation order was made carefully based on facts and was not political, denying speculation it was intended to shore up dwindling public support.The Unification Church obtained legal status as a religious organization in Japan in 1968 amid an anti-communist movement supported by Abe’s grandfather, former Prime Minister Nobusuke Kishi.The church has acknowledged excessive donations but says the problem has been mitigated for more than a decade. It also has pledged further reforms.Experts say Japanese followers are asked to pay for sins committed by their ancestors during Japan’s 1910-1945 colonial rule of the Korean Peninsula, and that the majority of the church’s worldwide funding comes from Japan.If the church's status is revoked, it would be the first under civil law. Two earlier cases involved criminal charges — the Aum Shinrikyo doomsday cult, which carried out a sarin nerve gas attack on the Tokyo subway, and the Myokakuji group, whose executives were convicted of fraud.。    

据新华社报道,当地时间5月10日,第十次联合国大会紧急特别会议以143票赞成、9票反对、25票弃权的表决结果通过决议,认定巴勒斯坦国符合《联合国宪章》规定的联合国会员国资格,应被接纳为联合国会员国。哪些国家投了反对票?这个表决有什么意义?巴勒斯坦加入联合国还有几步?
当地时间5月10日,联合国大会举行紧急特别会议,通过了涉巴勒斯坦入联决议,认定巴勒斯坦符合《联合国宪章》规定的联合国会员国资格。
巴勒斯坦常驻联合国观察员曼苏尔在投票前呼吁各国投赞成票,并数度哽咽。他说:“我过去站上这座讲台数百次,但没有一次表决比这次更重要,这是一次历史性表决。

二 | 我们想要和平,我们想要自由。巴勒斯坦终有一天会在自由国家群体中获得应有的位置。

三 | ”

曼苏尔表示,新一轮巴以冲突已导致超过3.5万名巴勒斯坦人丧生,另有8万人受伤,200多万人流离失所。他说:“加沙的巴勒斯坦人已被逼到了加沙地带的角落,四处乱飞的炸弹和子弹也把他们逼到了生死的边缘。

四 | 尽管遭受了袭击和破坏,但巴勒斯坦的旗帜在巴勒斯坦和全世界高高飘扬,成为所有相信自由及公正统治的人的象征。”

曼苏尔表示:“投赞成票就是为巴勒斯坦的生存投票,这并非反对任何国家,而是反对那些剥夺巴勒斯坦建国权利的企图。”
决议通过后,全场响起热烈掌声,在表决后的解释性发言过程中,多国驻联合国代表离开坐席,向在场的巴勒斯坦常驻联合国观察员曼苏尔握手、拥抱表示祝贺。
中国常驻联合国代表傅聪在10日的发言中表示,中方欢迎决议通过,支持安理会重审巴勒斯坦加入联合国的申请。美国在巴以问题上一再行使否决权,无理阻挠国际社会为解决巴勒斯坦长期遭受历史不公所作出的努力,不符合一个负责任大国的担当。
该决议认定巴勒斯坦符合《联合国宪章》第四条规定的联合国会员国资格,而且联合国会员国普遍支持接纳巴勒斯坦为联合国会员国。
决议对安理会一个常任理事国一票否决巴勒斯坦入联申请表示“深为遗憾和关切”,建议安理会重新“从有利角度”审议巴勒斯坦入联申请。
 这一决议赋予巴勒斯坦一些新的权利和特权,包括在联大主要委员会中任职,允许巴勒斯坦参与联合国召集的联合国及国际会议,但没有投票权。
分析称,巴勒斯坦目前为联合国观察员国,这项决议不会让巴勒斯坦成为正式会员国,仅是承认巴勒斯坦有加入联合国的资格,因此更具有象征性意义。联大决议并没有法律约束力,但是却带有国际社会的道德力量。决议得到了143个国家的支持,这发出了一个明确信号,显示国际社会在巴勒斯坦人建国问题上的广泛共识。
美国、以色列、阿根廷、捷克、匈牙利和4个太平洋岛国
第十次联合国大会紧急特别会议以143票赞成、9票反对、25票弃权的压倒性表决结果通过决议,认定巴勒斯坦国符合《联合国宪章》规定的联合国会员国资格,应被接纳为联合国会员国。9票反对票是谁投的?
报道称,中国、法国、俄罗斯、日本等143国当天投了赞成票,美国、以色列等9国投了反对票,英国、德国、乌克兰、意大利、加拿大等25国弃权。
据悉,投了反对票的是美国、以色列、阿根廷、捷克、匈牙利、密克罗尼西亚、瑙鲁、帕劳和巴布亚新几内亚。其中,密克罗尼西亚、瑙鲁、帕劳和巴布亚新几内亚都是太平洋岛国。
投票结果表明,全球绝大多数国家支持巴勒斯坦成为联合国正式会员国,许多国家对加沙死亡人数不断上升感到不安,并担心以色列对南部城市拉法发动大规模进攻。

五 | 英国和乌克兰选择弃权、日本和法国更是投下赞成票,加沙人道危机已经让盟友无法再力挺美国和以色列。

事实上,美国与以色列之间分歧也逐渐扩大,拜登政府表示以色列用美国军援武器攻击巴勒斯坦可能触犯国际法。

六 | 拜登先前也警告,如果以色列再我行我素进攻拉法就停止军援武器,以色列民调也显示越来越多的人支持让总理内塔尼亚胡下台,才是让以巴停火协议继续推进的唯一办法。

此次表决结果让以色列常驻联合国代表埃尔丹气到把《联合国宪章》塞进碎纸机里抗议。埃尔丹说:“联合国正在姑息凶残的独裁者,并破坏《联合国宪章》,这一天将被载入史册。你们在欢迎一个恐怖国家加入联合国。你们向现代纳粹主义开放了联合国的大门。”
美国常驻联合国代表伍德则表示:“只有通过巴以两国解决方案才能实现地区持续和平。

七 | 结束冲突最快方法是达成协议,解救人质并暂停冲突。

八 | ”

1988年11月15日,巴勒斯坦国宣告成立,至今已得到138个国家的正式承认。

九 | 2012年11月29日,联大通过决议,给予巴勒斯坦联合国观察员国地位。巴勒斯坦如何才能成为联合国会员国?

根据联合国接纳新会员国的规则,申请加入联合国的国家须经安理会推荐,再由联合国大会决定,才能获得联合国会员国资格。
安理会15个理事国中至少有9个投赞成票,并且5个常任理事国(中国、法国、俄罗斯、英国和美国)没有任何一个投反对票,才能通过任何接纳新会员的建议。如果安理会建议接纳该国,则该建议将递交联合国大会审议,须有2/3多数会员国投赞成票,联合国大会才能接纳一个新会员国。联大接纳新会员国的决议通过当天,会员国资格正式生效。
这意味着,巴勒斯坦若想加入联合国,还需要安理会同意,并在联合国大会获得2/3多数支持,但在安理会握有一票否决权的美国是以色列最亲密的盟友。
巴勒斯坦加入联合国的最大阻力在于美国和以色列的阻挠。在联合国投票中,美国曾多次为维护以色列利益行使否决权,甚至还曾以退出联合国作为要挟手段。

十 | 尽管在近期的加沙冲突之中,美国与以色列存在分歧,但美国也不会放弃以色列。

巴勒斯坦目前为联合国观察员国。2011年9月,巴勒斯坦国总统阿巴斯向联合国时任秘书长潘基文提交申请,希望该国成为联合国正式会员国。当时,由于美国在此问题上的强硬立场,巴勒斯坦暂停了申请,一搁置就是十多年。
今年4月初,应巴勒斯坦的请求,安理会15个理事国时隔13年再次审议了巴勒斯坦入联申请,并以12票赞成、1票反对和2票弃权就一份允许巴勒斯坦作为正式会员国加入联合国的决议草案进行了表决。由于常任理事国美国行使了一篇否决权,草案未获通过。
如果巴基斯坦再次申请加入联合国,尽管预料到安理会上,美国还是会否决巴勒斯坦进入联合国,但有多数国家支持,对巴勒斯坦来说无疑是一大胜利。

十一 |

美国常驻联合国代表伍德在解释此次投反对票的原因时说,这并不表示美国反对巴勒斯坦建国,但美国认为只能通过双方的直接谈判才能实现巴勒斯坦建国。他说:“没有其他方法可以保证以色列作为一个民主犹太国家的安全和未来。也没有其他方法能保证巴勒斯坦人在自己的国家和平、有尊严地生活。”
美国已警告很可能会再次于安理会上一票否决。伍德说:“今天的这项决议并没有解决4月份在安理会上提出的对巴勒斯坦入联申请的关切。如果安理会因这项决议而重新审议巴勒斯坦入联申请,结果还是相似的。”

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